Plasmas are used in many everyday objects such as fluorescent lights, but some of the physics of plasmas are still not entirely understood. @StarfishPrime obviously 100m barrel does not give 10 times faster than 10m barrel. Which means that I am in the potentially unique situation of being able to tell you that yes, they went out of their way to name it Marauder because it took us far too long to find a word that worked, we spent two hours fiddling with syllables to get stuff that fit (Direct Energy Railgun gives der). At least with the second approach, you can store your bullets normally. Some handwaving of high-capacity, high-voltage, extremely compact and inexpensive supercapacitors will be needed. Would this system work better in space? Take CERN, for instance. That's the best I could come up with, assuming he intended the plasma to cause damage. Checkout our latest projects and start learning for free. A railgun is a weapon that uses electromagnetic force to fire a projectile at high velocity, some at speeds of up to Mach 6. Plasma is good against EVERYTHING - Hull AND shield - with big damage (with few exception), but since the travel time is slow, effective range is poor. This answer (given technological development to improve power efficiency) meets all but two of your requirementsbut (potentially) bypasses their necessity. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Based on current proposed weapons, we can estimate the rough acceleration we can achieve with a rail gun and scale that up. Gentle acceleration up to 100km/s over 100m doesn't have to liquidize your bullet. At these magnetic field strengths (100T is currently achievable on the relevant timescale), you can exert enough force to crush most solid objects. But the muzzle velocity is sqrt(2 * barrelLength * acceleration). @PcMan right, silly mistake. But whether you store plasma inside a bullet or create it from parts of the bullet, you're not going to induce plasma for very long with a projectile. They do still have scaling issues: you have to turn off a coil the instant the projectile is in the middle, and it is hard to simply vanish the field of a very powerful magnet! @ Xavon_Wrentaile I have been thinking about this, and I do not think it needs to be. It only takes a minute to sign up. Come enjoy the rolling countryside 4 mile course, we are now celebrating our 19th annual event! the railgun can launch projectiles much farther than the You'll also get much more rail damage per shot for a much faster railgun, making firing multiple rounds problematic. Simple deform modifier is deforming my object. A plasma railgun is a linear accelerator uses two long parallel electrodes to accelerate a "sliding short" armature. You can find instructions at https://www.whatismybrowser.com/guides/how-to-enable-cookies/auto. In the case of MAURAUDER, the stability time was about $1 {\mu} s$. eject plasma at extremely high speeds (some plasma railguns are designed to fire projectiles, but testing has shown that solid armatures are more effective due to lower electrical resistances found in metals [4]). You can learn from experts, build working projects, showcase skills to the world and grab the best jobs. Contact: 1800-123-7177 Mechanical Kit will be shipped to you and you can learn and build using tutorials. However, in recent years, new research has shown promise in extending the lifespan of these Toroids. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. For a rough idea, you can use Luke Campbell's approximation for coilgun performance, which basically imagines the gun as a tube of energy in the form of the magnetic field, which is swept out by a projectile that turns it into kinetic energy. The intended use of this weapon is to have at least enough power to, Or can it simply generate plasma on discharge? The trails are rugged and moderately steep, ascending from 480 feet of elevation to 900 feet in just the first third of a mile. In December 1998, TNC accepted a donation of 68 acres from Ann Fisher; this addition increased the size of the preserve to 104 acres. The magic number of interest here is the energy density that the swept volume can have this is $\frac{1}{2\mu_o}$ (where 0 is the permeability of free space) or about 400kJ/m3/T2, multiplied by the square of the magnetic field strength. The USAF has already developed a plasma weapon that meets all but two of your requirements; but, it also bypasses their necessity. Youve already signed up with this email address. Sogive us a quarter of your tail then? Which was the first Sci-Fi story to predict obnoxious "robo calls"? Marauder, marauders, The Marauder, or The Marauders may refer to: Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Railgun technology, which uses electromagnetic force to send for example, scramble or disable a random part of a, The containing should last for 10 secs, max, A small, extremely-highly-compressed canister of carrier gas, A bullet design that becomes a nozzle on impact (hollow-. Where does the version of Hamapil that is different from the Gemara come from? While Vladimir Putin is busy touting Russias newest line of hypersonic weapons he is seemingly whipping the world into a frenzy about missiles flying past early warning systems. Presumably the induction magnets would be the entire length of the barrel, so it can accelerate for longer. Quality group antiques shop with over 40 dealers conveniently located between Keene, NH and. can hold plasma under higher pressures. While the preserve is worth visiting throughout the year, there are icy conditions on the steeper sections of the trail during the winter so make sure to bring appropriate gear or wait for the warmer seasons to enjoy the trails. | Technical Resources Online Courses for Kids It also cost a few million dollars every time the U.S. wanted to experiment with the technology, which is a much more likely reason the experiment ended up classified in mothballs. Mr. Parsons was a perfectionist in his plans he and his crew have done our lawn maintenance for the past 3 years and it looks awesome. To recreate this in a bullet, you need: The idea here is that the bullet is fired not containing plasma, but everything needed to make plasma. What are the advantages of running a power tool on 240 V vs 120 V? @RossPresser but really what will happen is that if your gun pumps enough eneergy into the round to melt it, it'll almost certainly pump enough energy into it to at least partially boil it, and it'll go bang. If you continue to use this site, you consent to use all cookies. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Conceptual Design Description of a CT Fueler for JT-60U, 35th European Physical Society Conference on Plasma Physics, Support to Survivability/Vulnerability Program, "Quasistatic compression of a compact torus", "Compact toroid dynamics in the Compact Toroid Injection Experiment", Compact Torus Accelerator Driven Inertial Confinement Fusion Power Plant, Innovative Confinement Concepts Workshops (ICC), "A Contoured Gap Coaxial Plasma Gun with Injected Plasma Armature", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plasma_railgun&oldid=1151052028, Compact Toroid Injection Experiment (CTIX), Pulsed High Density Fusion Experiment (PHD), This page was last edited on 21 April 2023, at 16:16. The experiment which was performed to confirm the properties of the plasma jets produced by the coaxial plasma railgun is explained. | Summer Training Programs The other example is the MARAUDER (Magnetically Accelerated Ring to Achieve Ultra-high Directed-Energy and Radiation) used the Shiva Star project (a high energy capacitor bank which provided the means to test weapons and other devices requiring brief and extremely large amounts of energy) to accelerate a toroid of plasma at a significant . In a plasma railgun, the armature and ejected projectile consist of hot, ionized, gas-like particles heated by a very high temperature. Its the same lab used to produce energy enough for the SDI initiative (also known as Star Wars missile defense). The design of individual gun components is detailed. How are engines numbered on Starship and Super Heavy? It was Motivated by RACE, though I don't know if that's enough to be an off shoot. The resulting projectile moved at $3,000 km/s$ and struck its target with a $\approx 5$ lb TNT explosion ($5 \times 10^{-7} kT = 2.092MJ$) ---and a potent, short-range electromagnetic pulse. Hand Held Coil Gun cannon - Enough to rip a giant robot limbs into pieces, Reimagined Weaponry: The Illidari Warglaives. Controlled jets from plasma rail guns can have peak densities in the 1013 to 1016 particles/m3 range, and velocities from 5 to 200 km/s, depending on device design configuration and operating parameters, and the upper limits may be higher. -, magnetic fields to shield the interior of a gun barrels, AN ANALYTIC MODEL FOR THE COMPRESSION OF PLASMA TOROIDS. That speed makes it about 2,394 m/s. Naturally, in science fiction it would be very easy to explain that scientists discovered a more stable Toroidial configuration that lastswellhowever long you need it to last for the sake of the story. Parking space for three to four vehicles is available,just South of a small white-railed bridge. What are the advantages of a coilgun v.s. A 100m railgun might not, in fact, be 10 times faster than a 10m railgun, if it wanted to stay in one piece after firing. Registration ends May 5, 2023 at 9:00pm EDT, https://www.whatismybrowser.com/guides/how-to-enable-cookies/auto. is able to confine plasma with minimal losses. Join 250,000+ students from 36+ countries & develop practical skills by building projects. 13-nautical-mile range of the US Navy's standard 5-inch naval gun," Read how we use cookies and how you can control them by visiting our Privacy Policy. It's a very slow particle beam in practice with ~8 millimeters of range in air if proton and ~10 if alpha particle. The railgun is mounted on a KF-40 vacuum port and operated using a 90 kA, 11 kV LC pulse forming network. Please try enabling cookies. Project MARAUDER Developed by Phillips Laboratory. However, in a plasma railgun, the armature and ejected projectile consists of plasma, or hot, ionized, gas-like particles, instead of a solid slug of material. your coils are now bigger, and higher power, and need more current to reach the same strength. Similar principles apply for plasma railguns. Peak line-integrated electron number densities of approximately 8 10. In 1993, the Air Force Research Laboratory finally published an experiment in high-velocity plasma projectile weapons. The plasma is accelerated until it leaves the muzzle of the railgun. Plasma is not necessarily hard to confine; for example, those of us who are old enough or who have an interest in the history of computing remember the beautiful Nixie tubes which were used for the displays of computers and calculators made until the 1980s or so; Nixie tubes can be ruggedized, and some have flown in space aboard Soviet (and maybe also American) spacecraft. Jet velocity and density are characterized by analyzing diagnostic data collected from a Rogowski coil, interferometer, and photodiode. Click the Accept Cookie Policy button below to accept the use of cookies on your browser. It was named "MARAUDER" - or "magnetically accelerated ring to achieve ultrahigh directed energy and radiation.". And it remains grounded in science. Worldbuilding Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for writers/artists using science, geography and culture to construct imaginary worlds and settings. can be shaped into a bullet. Existing knowledge of coaxial railgun plasma instabilities and material interactions at vacuum and plasma interfaces are applied to the design. cheaper and more accurate than traditional gunpowder-based methods. Currently, only the 36-acre Warwick parcel is accessible which offers 1.5 miles of trails for enjoying the wildflowers and birds. Would My Planets Blue Sun Kill Earth-Life? Notice that the barrel length is much shorter than the dreadnaughts of WW1 fame. Plasma railguns are capable of producing controlled jets of given densities and velocities ranging from at least peak densities 1e13 to 1e16 particles/m^3 with velocities from 5 to 200 km/s dependent on device design configuration and operating parameters. That's a nice round number, and doesn't rule out superconducting projectiles, as it should be below the critical field strength of futuristic high-temperature superconductors (see here for some analysis of YBCO, one of the best practical real-world superconductors). This thesis discusses the design and characterization of a small coaxial plasma railgun intended to accelerate argon-helium plasma jets. @apaul34208 It depends on how the bullet is constructed and how "super" your supercapacitor is. the US Office of Naval Research says. Allow that bolt of plasma to break out, and you have a really potent weapon. Spreading that same force over a larger distance I do not think adds anything to the equation acceleration wise. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Description Evading railgun fire A visit to the preserve in late spring or early summer will reveal some of these plants as well as neo-tropical migrant birds, including warbler and thrush species, and scarlet tanagers. Some believe that we may not be far from getting containment times measured in Milliseconds ($ms$). Take a left onto South Village Road, which you will follow for 3.7 miles before arriving in the village of Westmoreland. What does 'They're at four. Since the driver current through the armature is also moving through and normal to a self-generated magnetic field, the armature particles experience a Lorentz force, accelerating them down the length of the gun. After graduating from Boston University in 1904, Dr. Warwick and her first husband, Dr. Coles, operated a TB sanitarium in West Keene. A bigger projectile won't help you; you need one with a higher melting point, a larger heat capacity, and a more efficient coilgun to get the speeds you want. To produce plasma-cutter-like effects on armored vehicles, which I assume is the goal, is slightly different, as the plasma in the above bullet won't last very long after the bullet impacts and the power source is (presumably) destroyed. I remain unconvinced that the principle has any potential as a weapon that can compete against solid or explosive projectiles. Basically, the Marauder was everything an army could possibly hope for in the area of field artillery: an ultra-fast, super-destructive gun whose ammunition was only limited to how much power the army could produce for it. It's still an accelerating mass @RossPresser in general, because you can no longer rely on its intermolecular bonds to hold it together. Plasma railguns are being evaluated as a possible method of implosion linear formation for fusion. Railgun are less accurate, can fire from a longer range, do less damage against shield, have an average bigger dps. Magneto-inertial fusion seeks to implode a magnetized D-T fusion target using a spherically-symmetric, collapsing, conducting liner. Finally, you should see that I've been looking at coilguns, not railguns here. If the shooting stars and the stuff hits the fan, Uncle Sam might pull the Marauder out of mothballs. Ruth married George Warwick in 1923 and they moved to Westmoreland. We'll give your coilgun an efficiency of 99.9%, and half the wastage goes to heating up the projectile again. While most of New Hampshire tends to have acidic soils, the calcium-rich bedrock in Westmoreland has resulted in rich, alkaline soils that provide habitat for a diversity of plant life that is uncommon in the state. | Terms & Conditions | | Refund Policy Interpreting non-statistically significant results: Do we have "no evidence" or "insufficient evidence" to reject the null? Dr. Coles died in the 1917 flu epidemic. Rank amateurs. They still retained their home in Westmoreland as a summer place for the next 20 years. Reportedly, Ruth asked a local handyman to clear out a spring on the side of Butterfield Hill to provide water for the animals in the woods this is still visible at the end of the first steep section of the preserves hiking trail. Your browser has JavaScript disabled. After armature formation, the plasmoid is then accelerated down the length of the railgun by a current pulse driven through one electrode, through the armature, and out the other electrode, creating a large magnetic field behind the armature. Both are from Wikipedia. It seems like a really cool concept. | Final Year Projects for Engineering Students The railgun has less ammo, but a little higher damage and (correct me if I'm wrong) it's better to shoot out subsystems. Plasma railguns appear in two principal topologies, linear and coaxial. The two requirements being 'shaped into a bullet' and 'survive for 10 seconds.' To review your email preferences, please visit nature.org/emailpreferences. When Ruth died in 1973, Louise scattered her ashes on the preserve. Scientific plasma railguns are typically operated in vacuum and not at air pressure. Please wait while we submit your question/message. Its no secret the United States has been working on effective rail gun technology for years. All takedown requests will be promptly acknowledged and investigated. While currently, there are bans on orbital anti-ICBM weaponry, a MARAUDER-armed satellite could probably be an extremely effective Anti-ICBM weapon. You might be able to hold it magnetically in the gun, but the instant it leaves the barrel you've now got rapidly cooling nothing. TL: DR, .a project from the 1990's where they build a coaxial plasma railgun, which uses plasma as a KINETIC weapon, accelerating a Torus (a ring) of 0.5-2 milligrams of plasma to relativistic speeds, 1-3% the speed of light, 3000-10,000 km/s. He created a simple electric cannon, which caught the attention of the French military who were seeking a weapon that . However, in a plasma railgun, the armature and ejected projectile consists of plasma, or hot, ionised, gas-like particles, instead of a solid slug of material. Unfortunately, George died in 1933 and Ruth returned to Boston in 1938 to set up a medical practice to support herself and her daughter.