The Stranger churches were important as centres of communication and social care, and immigrants continued to donate money to them, despite also having to support English parishes. Others on the list of 1,000 surnames are undoubtedly more Norfolk-centric Howes, for example, is 88th on the list as 1,100 people bear the name, but this makes up more than 10pc of the national total. Many Strangers refused to pass on their skills to English apprentices, arguing that they had enough of their own children to set to work. There was no pattern to suggest a large migration from any one part of the County, to another. 4d., but did not exercise it against the strangers. These migrations look more rural. An index of 1 means that if you pick someone at random from this county or town, you have exactly the same [1][2][3], Norfolk Museums & Archaeology Service - Strangers' Hall. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, the radical ideas of the French boosted industry so much that, at this time Norwich was the most important manufacturing city outside London. A Norfolk Womans Propensity for Social Status! You can stop this at any time by contacting emma.reynaert@onserfdeel.be. The arrival of the Strangers from the Low Countries in the 16th century was the result of the persecution of Dutch Calvinists by the Catholic Spanish rulers of that region of Europe. Many places in Norwich refer to the city's migration past. All three are among those names which are far more common in Nelson's county than anywhere else Norfolk is home to around one third of every Leeder in the country, for example. It was the skilled immigrants from these Countries which could provide a solution to the economic crisis here. A later will of great interest is that of John or Johannes Elison, pastor of the Dutch church in Norwich, and best-known from the portraits that were painted by Rembrandt of him and his wife. The Strangers reputation was not helped by evidence that radical religious books were being smuggled into Norwich from the Low Countries, or by the flow of English Puritans to Rotterdam in the 1630s led by William Bridge, where they established a Gathered Church A church which asserts the autonomy of the local congregationits members believe in a covenant of loyalty and mutual edification, emphasising the importance of discerning Gods will whilst gathered together in a Church meetins. The word Stranger was originally used in records to mean anyone who was not a native of a particular town it occurs in Norwich leet court rolls of the later thirteenth century, where the people described as strangers are from places like Thorpe, Hellesdon and Earlham and therefore, legally, not within the jurisdiction of Norwich. But, it was in the 16th Century that immigrants in the Low Countries were officially encouraged to move to the City. John also translated military books from French to English, acting in some sense as a cultural go-between. In the second generation, ties were strengthened as Stranger children returned to Holland to attend University. shows the level of probability - for example, a figure of 2 would indicate that you are twice as likely to find The April 2017 edition ofCurrent Archaeology magazine has an interesting article on an excavation of an Iron Age site in Fenland, and is celebrating their 50th anniversary of publication. An index of 1 means that if you pick someone at random from this county or town, you have exactly the same Before moving to England their skills in this area had been deployed in draining the marshes from Dunkirk to Calais. The Duke of Alva had ruthlessly pursued them as heretics and many were raped, murdered or . However, Norwich was not free from xenophobia. This derives, it is thought, from the habit of local people of keeping canaries, which they adopted from the Dutch Strangers. A table then shows the distances of the persons (still within the County of Norfolk) with these locative surnames from origin. For example, there were 402 people called FECK in Norwich St John at the time of the 1881 census. The 100 most common surnames in Norfolk have been revealed. on WordPress.com. It also suggests that about a third of all English surnames are locative, and proposes a rough approximation, that this could. In summary, what this book has taught me today: Enter your email address to get email alerts about new posts on this site. Cock : Means cock, or is associated with a proud person. They often focus on negative aspects of migration, but in most cases there are both challenges and opportunities for migrants and the host country. They introduced new types of fabric, which helped Norwich to recover its prosperity. Just how much did they, and others, contribute though, to the genealogy of Norfolk and East Anglia. The Frequency column shows the percentage of people in this county or town By the 16th Century, however, this industry was in crisis, with competition coming from cheaper and better quality merchandise from Flanders a region in the south west of the Low Countries now split between Belgium, France and the Netherlands. Later the word came to be used for a particular group of incomers refugees from the Low Countries from 1567 onward, who were fleeing from persecution in their own land, and who found a welcome in the city. Your IP: Click to reveal Overall, the story of the Strangers in Norwich was a very successful one and not only helped the local economy but also of added to the cultural variety and vibrancy of the community in which they settled. Those ads you do see are predominantly from local businesses promoting local services. Your email address will not be published. NRO catalogue number NCR Case 17d/2. Katherine, anchoress of St Margaret, Newebrigge, Cricket in 19th century Norfolk: the legend of Fuller Pilch, Strangers-A brief history of Norwichs incomers, https://www.archives.norfolk.gov.uk/our-services/record-searchers, The Boys are Back in Town! There were very few surnames of any origin type that could be safely regarded as Scottish. William Norwich is recorded St Andrews Norwich, on October 4th 1560. Immigrants in Norwich were offered citizenship rights before those of any other town, and the corporation made full use of the Stranger skills and expertise. The first group came from Flanders in 1565, but many more followed, eventually making up a third of the population of Norwich. CADAMY, any place, any time, leona.howard@rocom.co.uk Leona Howard. In 1633-4, the Norwich rate book listed many names which were probably Dutch or Flemish in origin. The Total column shows the total number of people in that county or town with this surname. Strangers hiring Business Development Manager in Norwich . There were relatively few people in 16th century Norfolk, with origins in Scotland, or Wales, and perhaps few from the nearby East Midlands or Cambridgeshire. The Norfolk Record Office has many documents that Moen did not use which bring alive the Stranger communities in the city. More workers were needed and they came over from an area now covered by Belgium, France and the Netherlands. But, the Dutch and Walloons did not lose their own identity and culture. Brandon Thomas-Asante. Register or sign in to read or purchase an article. Indeed in 1581 the city authorities employed a Dutchman, Nicholas Beoscom, to teach pin making to their orphans housed in the Great Hospital. A name that came from the Strangers. First settlers [ edit] I was delighted to find a used copy ofThe Norfolk BroadsA landscape history by Tom Williamson 1997 (Manchester University Press). However, events quickly overtook them as the arrival of the Duke of Alva in the Low Countries in the wake of the Beeldenstorm If you are dissatisfied with the response provided you can Walloons remain a distinctive ethnic community within Belgium. Norfolk Record Office MC189/1,634x3(a), Subjects: Citizenship, Geography, History, ICT, Key Stages: Key Stage 2, Key Stage 3, Key Stage 4, Key Stage 4+, Keywords:Flanders Flemish Low Countries Walloons Dutch persecution wool weaving craftsmen Norwich Elizabeth 1 strangers 16th century trade, Developed by E2BN for the National Education Network. The Norwich Society; King Street Research Group. The author then discusses possible biases, for example, some parts of England appear to have generated more locative surnames than others. In pursuing this aim, we endeavour, where possible, to obtain permission to use an owners material. Its results show there are 56,926 unique surnames in the county, and an average of 15 people for each of them. Strangers' Hall. The value of 0.40 in Norwich St John means that you are 0.40 times as likely to find Many Norwich residents are descendants of these Strangers, whose influence can still be seen in buildings around the region, as well as in the way Norfolk people talk. The Elizabethan Strangers, often referred to as just the Strangers, were a group of Protestant refugees seeking political asylum from the Catholic Low Countries, who settled in and around Norwich. By 1830, the Norwich poll book includes very few: possibly only Adrian Decleve (goldsmith) and John De Vear (draper). Tapestry of 1573 - possibly once the Easter Day altar frontal - woven in the parish by refugee Flemish weavers. The Dutch community presented her with a pageant and a silver-gilt cup worth 50. However, overall the view of their new home was positive. and in the south west, having few records extant: . Twenty-four of the householders admitted were Dutch and six were Walloons the latter a Romance ethnic people native to Belgium, principally its southern region of Wallonia, who spoke French and Walloon. Under Elizabeth I, England was a Protestant country and it had not been long previously that Mary I had persecuted heretics in a similar manner as Alva. Frank Meeres, former archivist at the Norfolk Record Office and author of 'The Welcome Stranger' (Poppyland Publishing 2022) looks at the sources for our knowledge of the . probability of picking someone called FECK as if you picked at random from the whole of the UK. Ironically, one of Solempnes English publications was a poem by Thomas Brooke. I spent too much money today on reading materials. Queen Elizabeth meets the Strangers in Norwich in 1578 Large numbers left Flanders, often taking a boat from Nieuwpoort to Great Yarmouth and then onto Norwich. probability of picking someone called RALLISON as if you picked at random from the whole of the UK. At a time when skills were handed down through apprenticeships, the Strangers could teach local workers to produce new types of cloth, giving fresh impetus to Norwichs flagging inductry. C14 onwards. Anyone with the surname Platten is 41 times more likely to come from Norfolk than any other part of the country. There are 22 wills or letters of administration for people described as Dutch between 1570 and 1610, with a further one in 1639; eleven more for people described as alien or stranger and six more for people described as French. https://thosewhowillnotbedrowned.wordpress.com/2011/06/24/the-norwich-strangers-16th-century-refugees/. Have a look for yourself below: This website and associated newspapers adhere to the Independent Press Standards Organisation's For example, immigrants listed at Norwich in 1440, included persons by the surnames Rider, Johnson, Forest, Skynner, Couper, Bush, Goldsmyth, and Glasier. . In 1571, the authorities searched Strangers homes for armour and weaponry,and in the unsettled years before the Civil War, it was feared they might be disloyal to the Crown. When you subscribe, you give permission for an automatic re-subscription. Most of these people were Dutch speakers, but a considerable number were French speakers; the latter are known as Walloons. The Strangers 1560 - 1600 AD In 1571, a return of the Strangers, recorded that there were 4,013 Strangers in Norwich. The Cripple, Her Partner and Sea Rescues! Johns father, Jan, was a cloth merchant, who became a church elder and militia man in his adopted home of Norwich. identification of, and means of communicating with an owner), contact can sometimes be difficult or impossible to established. They rebuilt the whole area north of the River Wensum that had been devastated by a great fire in 1507, leaving their mark on the citys landscape. He was the son of incomers from Hondschoote, now in French Flanders. The Mayors Court dealt with petty offences in the city, and inevitably some incomers found themselves involved. Norwich had suffered much economic hardship in the years after Ketts Rebellion against land enclosures in 1549. These immigrants were to become so well integrated into the local community that they were no longer Strangers. Two minor criminal cases before the Mayors Court reveal the Dutch love of gardening. David Brief Free Company Director Check PDF New London County. Lollards Pit - A Grim Tale of Persecution! There were very few surnames of any origin type that could be safely regarded as Welsh. Restrictive policies were needed to minimise tensions between Stranger and local communities, but very different policies were necessary if the English economy was to benefit from the skills and technologies of immigrants. John Crusos son, John II, studied, like his uncle Aquila, at Cambridge, and would become a noted Anglican priest. 15/154 (south side) 26.2.54 No 6 (Strangers Hall Museum) GV I. As a subscriber, you are shown 80% less display advertising when reading our articles. Rymer : Is a surname associated with being a poet and making rhymes. Where the index is higher than 1, then you are more likely to find someone called FECK here If you know someone with the surname Rix, Platten or Leeder, chances are they're from Norfolk. This week is Refugee Week and an opportunity to celebrate Norwichs long history of welcoming incomers to the city. These Strangers were broadly welcomed in this area of Eastern England and there were two main reasons why. In response, Queen Elizabeth authorized 30 Dutch masters to settle in the city along with their households not exceeding ten members. Pingback: Strangers Hall James Lever Books, If any one can help I would be grateful,,, I believe my name origin is from a Mathei/ Mathew TRYANCE who arrived in Norwich / Norfolk in 1540 / he married in 1542 to Katherine, there is a record at St marys Old Hunstanton Norfolk. Hunstanton: The Wreck of the S.T. By 1620, there were around 4,000 Dutch and Walloons living in Norwich, comprising a quarter of the citys population. For example, a frequency of 5000.0000 in Norwich St John means that The pedigrees of these families are recorded in W Rye, Norfolk Families (NRO and NHC). CADDIS, Winterton/West Flegg, 1918, [email protected] Mike Caddis Required fields are marked *. 23 February 2014 CABBURN, Norwich, any time, william.cabburn@sky.com William Cabburn. Norwich was the centre of a large textile industry but in the 16th Century (would this be better coming before the previous paras reference to 18th and 19th centuries?) From one letter, written by the anonymous Typer (Te Ieper), we can deduce that the author rented rooms in the house owned by Thomas Sotherton, which is now a museum called Strangers Hall. Richard Tomkins SALYER Abraham, Norwich St. George Colegate,1609, gdsalyer@msn.com Gerald Dee Salyer SAMPHER, Wells/any place,1850 - 1970, johnland10@aol.com John Land SAMPHER and variations, Syderstone/Great Bircham etc./Watton/Holkham/Wells, 1630 - 1900, c.woods45@btinternet.com Chris Woods SAMPSON, King's Lynn, any time, jornele@aapt.net.au Another Brabander who sought refuge in Norwich was Anthonie de Solempne. One good example of this is John Cruso, born in Norwich in 1592. For example, Mayors Court books contain records of apprenticeships, which show how English people gained skills through contact with the incomers. A Murderer Amongst Kings Lynn Schools Staff! This included 868 Dutchmen, and 203 Walloon men. Unsurprisingly, Smith tops the list in terms of the number of people who bear the name. The Duke of Alva had ruthlessly pursued them as heretics and many were raped, murdered or burnt at the stake and they became refugees looking for a new home. While many settled in London, others moved to Norwich, the county town of Norfolk, which had a strong claim to be called Englands second city after London during the early modern period. The anti-Protestant policies of their Habsburg ruler, Philip II of Spain, together with economic hardship and war, forced many people to leave the Low Countries. Mention of the name Cruso may ring a bell. Luke and Phil Platten from Platten's Fish and Chips in Wells. There is a link on the Norfolk Record Office website with details https://www.archives.norfolk.gov.uk/our-services/record-searchers, Your email address will not be published. The Strangers also had their own pressing motives for emigranting. By 1600, Norwich weavers were even facing a shortage of yarn and labour. Marriages 1590-1747. 30 households of master weavers, totalling almost 300 people, journeyed from the Low Countries to Norwich seeking refuge from religious persecution. The first group came from Flanders in 1565, but many more followed, eventually making up a third of the population of Norwich. If you have a complaint about the editorial content which relates to The Life of Ellenor Fenn One Woman: Three Identities. Required fields are marked *. Brabanders, too, arrived in Norwich. this industry was struggling. contact IPSO here, 2001-2023. Solempne printed books for use by the Dutch Calvinist church in Norwich, including a Dutch psalter and a confession of faith. Norwich City Football Club is known as The Canaries. Queen Elizabeth meets the Strangers in Norwich in 1578. Despite general harmony, there were some teething troubles. For example, there were 86 people called RALLISON in Norfolk at the time of the 1881 census. Another correspondent, Clais van Wervekin, tells his wife that the English were well disposed to the incomers and that if she were to come to Norwich, she would never think of returning to Flanders. By 1568 there were well over a thousand Flemish and Dutch in Norwich, known locally as Strangers, many of them from Ieper in West Flanders. For example, immigrants listed at Norwich in 1440, included persons by the surnames Rider, Johnson, Forest, Skynner, Couper, Bush, Goldsmyth, and Glasier. Enrolment of Apprenticeship Indentures, June 1585-Nov 1625. Having first settled in Sandwich, Kent, in 1565, the City of Norwich elders recognised their worth and invited them to the city because of their renowned skills in textile. Mother of Ralph Marsham and Elizabeth Marsham. flint rubble ground floor, rendered timber frame first floor. Augustine Steward House and the Lady in Grey! Much of the prosperity of Norfolk after this period can be traced to this influx of these Strangers. Please make use the appropriate buttons below to follow us on Facebook and to receive email notifications about new postings. Where were they from? The governments response to this wavered between control and welcome. Eight years later, five Norwich men were charged with breaking into a close outside St Stephens Gates and stealing roots, the property of a Mr Vertngoose. They rejuvenated the local economy, and by the end of the 16th Century the city was prospering again. I want to share at least some of the key points from two chapters of "Norfolk Surnames in the Sixteenth Century": 1) Surnames derived from localities in Norfolk, and 2) Locative surnames originating outside Norfolk. Tom Christiaens. We start with the skilled Flemish workers who were able to build a new life in England. with this surname. NRO: NCC will register Cawston 261. Matthew Wren, Bishop of Norwich, was one of Lauds committed followers, and frequently quarrelled with the Stranger community. You may like to try contacting a local record searcher who can carry out specialised, targeted research on your behalf. Norwich city centre has streets that still carry a lot of their medieval charm, including some remains of the ancient city walls and a wealth of historic buildings. As early as 1144, the death of a boy, named William, had led to accusations of ritual murder by Jews and sparked anti-Semitic rioting. Some surnames marking their nationality did survive in 16th Century Norfolk, such as French, Ducheman, Briton / Brett (Breton) etc. Locals were often upset when immigrants set up business in other trades, such as tailoring and shoe-making because this created unwanted competition. The book draws on surnames recorded in the County of Norfolk, during the 16th Century AD. someone called FECK here than in the UK as a whole, and 10 would make it ten times as likely. Many families, despite our ideas of the dying fuedal system, were moving around East Anglia, and even England between the 13th and 16th centuries. No violation of any copyright or trademark material is intentional. After the start of the Eighty Years War and the Union of Utrecht (1579), many Calvinists returned to the Low Countries, but to the Northern rather than the Southern provinces. http://www.edp24.co.uk/features/how-norwich-s-strangers-helped-a-fine-city-stay-a-great-one-1-5256445 Personal ties were formed through marriage and friendship. Sussexat Rye. When the immigrants first moved into the area, they were subject to detailed restrictions from controls over what they were allowed to buy and sell, to an 8pm curfew intended to stop drunkeness and disorder. Stories From Norfolk and Beyond Be They Past, Present, Fact, Fiction, Mythological, Legend or Folklore. A man has been arrested on suspicion of murder after a 58-year-old woman disappeared from her 850,000 Norwich farmhouse. Badge of Norwich City Football Club (also known as The Canaries or City). He subsequently studied at Leiden before eventually becoming Professor of History at Heidelberg University. Learning. It is likely that this was the Easter Day altar frontal made by weavers from the Low Countries who resided in the parish, perhaps as a way of saying thank you to their English hosts. "BBC - Legacies - Immigration and Emigration - England - Norfolk - the Elizabethan Strangers", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_Strangers&oldid=1106200292, Protestant denominations established in the 16th century, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 23 August 2022, at 16:36. Gyles Cambye, a Dutch immigrant dyer living in Norwich, told the court that he was trading with Arthur Rotye, another Dutch immigrant, who lived in London. We'll email you when there are new posts here. Clearly, there were tensions in the town as a result of the sudden increase in incomers. A short history of Strangers hall and some of the people who lived and developed it. Weddings at Strangers' Hall offer the perfect city centre location without the city centre hustle and bustle. And we should not forget the local football club, Norwich City. However, there was migration down from Northern England, particularly from Yorkshire, but even from NW England. Daft : It is a surname of the medieval times that means, gentle, meek. On 5th November 1564 Elizabeth 1 granted thirty 'journeymen' - foreign craftsmen from Flanders - the right to live and work in the city of Norwich. In October 1571 the total number of Strangers was 3,993 (1,056 men, 1,095 women, 1,862 children). How many were there? The Elizabethan Strangers: Victims of success The Stranger community grew rapidly from the original 30 households. He had tried to stage an uprising to drive the Dutch and Flemish migrants out of Norwich, but had been foiled and was awaiting execution when he wrote the poem. Halfenaked : This last name has disappeared for its meaning"semi-desnudo". [Norwich, University of East Anglia PhD Thesis, 1978] Societies. It was not long before there was a new breed of bird known as the Norwich Canary. In 1582, three English men, probably boys as one was described as an apprentice, were whipped for breaking into the orchard owned by Giles Vanderbrook, alien, and stealing apples and pears. John was educated at the local grammar school, but as the eldest son he was required to take over the family cloth business, while his younger brother, Aquila, studied at Cambridge University. Writing this verse helped John to keep in touch with his Flemish heritage while living and working in England, and he is a good example of how migrants from any age can engage with both the culture of their heritage and that of their adopted country. They were famous for breeding canaries, and the football clubs name is one of their most famous legacies. Finally for some name holders at least, the surname could originate from a now "lost" medieval place once called Norridge in the parish of Upton Scudamore in Wiltshire. Rotye did come, and he taught his skills to an English dyer in the city and his apprentices. Norfolkat Norwich. Powells (Dutch) Steene (Dutch) Vamboute (St Jans-Kappel) Van Brugen (Dutch) Waells (Houtkerke) Wervekin (Ypres) These are just the surnames of some of the Norwich Strangers, mentioned in the above book. Will register of Joos de Ram of Norwich, 1577. Repton: Norfolks Great Landscape Designer! The real treasure of today's book shop excavation however, was an old booklet published in 1969 by Leicester University Press in their Department of English Local History Occasional Papers. High Road to Culture in Flanders and the Netherlands, By In the eleventh century Flemish migrants left for England to escape large-scale flooding in Flanders. Reblogged this on Norfolk Notes and commented: I had a copy of this excellent landscape history when it was published, but unfortunately lent it out, and never saw it again. Editors' Code of Practice. But, above all, Wren worried that locals might start attending Stranger services and weaken the English church. The Index column shows the relative probability of finding someone called FECK Like his father he became a church elder, working for many years alongside the minister, Johannes Elison, whose portrait was painted by Rembrandt in 1634, and whose monument can still be seen today in Blackfriars Hall, where the Dutch church met for worship. They supported English parishes by donating money to them and Dutch and French schools were established in the area. In November 1569, the number of strangers was calculated at 2,827 (752 men, 681 women, 26 servants, 1132 children), all which company of strangers, we are to confess, do live in good quyet and order, and that they traveyle [work] diligentlye to earn their livings. In October 1571 the total number of Strangers was 3,993 (1,056 men, 1,095 women, 1,862 children). The actual figure Skilled craftsmen, they revitalised the woollen industry.This page contains a list of 13 names of Strangers in Norwich in 1584. It uses as it's sources several returns, and rolls particularly a military survey, and subsidy roll from between 1522 and 1525. In the late Middle Ages, many of the wool churches in the East of England, so called because they were financed by profits from the wool trade, were constructed with the help of skilled artisans from the Low Countries. Skilled craftsmen, they . In 1566 an accord was made by the Duchess of Parma with those of the reformed religion in the Netherlands, who, on attaching their signatures to the terms before the magistrates of the various towns, were allowed to attend the Services of their own ministers. The value of 56.78 in Norfolk means that you are 56.78 times as likely to find So it was that in 1565, the Norwich City authorities sent a representative to Queen Elizabeth I, asking for permission for immigrant workers to settle in Norwich. Cambridgeshire, another neighbouring county, for some reason contributed far fewer. Many more would have crossed county boundaries into Suffolk, Lincolnshire, etc. The distribution of these surnames was by no means urban based. A name that came from the Strangers. Details of a new skill brought to the city by incomers are revealed in Mayors Court entries in 1590. Files, 1691-1855 Judicial . The Stranger community grew rapidly from the original 30 households. The Elizabethan Strangers: Victims of success The Stranger community grew rapidly from the original 30 households. Around one person in every 68 in Norfolk is a Smith there are 13,011 of them. They had an impact on all aspects of Norwich life. However, the relationship between the Norwich Strangers and the English was generally stable. Some surnames marking their nationality did survive in 16th Century Norfolk, such as French, Ducheman, Briton / Brett (Breton) etc. than if you picked from the UK as a whole, and where it's lower then you are less likely. As there was a serious outbreak of plague in the city in 1579, in which the incomer community was particularly badly hit, there must have been well over 5,000, probably nearer 6,000, members of this refugee community before it struck and this in a city with an English population of no more than 12,000.